Post by Islamic Revival on Mar 6, 2006 9:18:39 GMT -5
First of all yazeed was not the Khalifah but mauwiya was. If u had studied the history in more detail u would have known that the four abdullah's, ibne abubakr, hassan and hussein accepted mauwiya as a caliph and gave bayah to him.it is however a well established fact that the Ummah didnot like mauwiyah, but she accepted him as a caliph because of the following hadeeth narrated by Hudhayfah ibn Al Yaman:
"There will come after me Imams who donot lead by my guidance, and nor follow my Sunnah. There will from among them men whose hearts are hearts of Satans in human bodies. He said:I said: What can i do O Messenger of Allah, if i lived to see that? He said:You have to listen and obey the Ameer, even if he hit your backand took your wealth, listen and obey"[ Muslim].
So the Prophet(saw) did prophecize such imams but ordered the muslims to obey him. Why would the prophet order to obey an unislamic authority?. The imam even if he is not a good one remains to be such unless he implements kufr e buwah( open kufr). Once he does that, the muslims are not liable to obey him and he must be removed. In another hadeeth the Prophet(saw) said:
"Banu Israil were governed by Prophets, whenever a prophet passes away another prophet would follow.There will be no prophet after me; there would rather be Khulfa, and they will be many.They (sahbah) said.What would you then order us?.He said,Fulfill the bayaih to them, one after the other".[ Al-Bukhari]
What the prophet(saw) was referring to when he termed the caliphate as malukiet, was that there would be some harsh ameers and that the caliphate would go in to families, but he never said that it would not be caliphate.Rather in numerous hadeeth, ( 2 are mentioned above) the prophet(saw) referred to them as caliphates and those ameers and imams as lawful muslim caliphs.
Now the question arises, if this is the case, then was yazeed justified in his horrendous crimes? I mean doent he come under the category of rulers with satan's hearts?
The answer is no. For two reasons.
First of all yazeed was not the ruler. A ruler is Islam is one who gets the bayaih, once her gets the bayaih, only then he becomes the ruler. And the bayaih cannot be taken by force, the Ummah has to give it herself. So when mauwiyah died, yazeed could not get the bayaih. In order for him to get the bayaih, he should have got the bayaih from the four abdullahs, ibne abubakr and al-hussein ibn abi talib. All of them refused to give him the bayaih. So from the shari point of view, yazeed was not a ruler or the caliph, rahter he was usurper of authority. The sharii hukm for the usurper of authority is that he is fought by force. This is what we witnessed. The people of Makkah, Madina and Al-Hussein fought yazeed by sword.
Here it should be clear that when caliph used to die, and when his son acceeded to the caliphate, the son used to take bayaih from the people. there is not a single exception to this case. The people would give the bayaih to the caliph. The wrong thing was, that there were no other contestors for the caliphate, but even then the caliph was not considered as one unless he took bayaih.
As for the four imams, issuing fatwa against the caliphs, it is the duty of the Ummah to account the ruler and make sure that he rules by islam. IF he implements kufr then he should be removed and must be fought against. So the imams issuing the fatwas doesnot mean that the state was not caliphate, rather it bears witness that the Ummah was well aware of her duties and she wont allow unislamic laws to be implemented.
Lastly, why is it that our reference point is the few years of turmoil, of the caliphate? Why dont we make the caliphate of the fist four caliphs as the reference point? or the islamic state which the prophet(saw) himself set up.
And we also have the prophet(saw) saying that when the caliphate would be reestablished it would be on the method of the Prophet(saw). A long hadeeth reported in Musnad of Imama Ahmad is:
" Some people will come on the day of jugement and their iman will be outstanding, its light will shine from their chest and from their right hands. So it will be said to them glad tidings for you today. Assalamoalikum and goodness for you. Enter in to it,Jannah,forever. So the angels and the Prophets will be jealous of the love of Allah for them. So the sahabah asked" Who are they, O Messenger of Allah? He(saw) replied, they are not from us and they are not from you. You are my companions but they are my beloved.they will come after you and will find the book(Quran) made redundant bu the people, and the Sunnah which has been killed by them, so they will grab hold of the book and the Sunnah and revive them.So they will read them and teach them(the Quran and the Sunnah) to the people and they will experience in that path a punishment more sever and more ugly than what you (O sahabha) have experienced. Indeed the Iman of one of them is equivalent to the iman of fourty of you. The shaheed of one of them, is equivalent to fourty of your shuhadah because you found a helper towards the truth( the Prophet (SAW)) and they will find no helper towards the truth. So they will be surrounded by, tyrannical rulers in every place. And they will be in the surroundings of Bait ul Maqdas( Al-Quds).The Nusrah ( victorious material support) of Allah will come to them and they will have the honor of it on their hands. Then he(saw) said: O Allah give them Nusrah and make them my close friends in Jannah".
So when we talk about the caliphate, we talk about the caliphate as presented and predicted by the Prophet Muhammad(saw).
Last of all, implementing Allah's hukm is fard on us. According to Imam abu hanifah, 70 % of the fardh cannot be fulfilled by muslims without the caliphate.
"There will come after me Imams who donot lead by my guidance, and nor follow my Sunnah. There will from among them men whose hearts are hearts of Satans in human bodies. He said:I said: What can i do O Messenger of Allah, if i lived to see that? He said:You have to listen and obey the Ameer, even if he hit your backand took your wealth, listen and obey"[ Muslim].
So the Prophet(saw) did prophecize such imams but ordered the muslims to obey him. Why would the prophet order to obey an unislamic authority?. The imam even if he is not a good one remains to be such unless he implements kufr e buwah( open kufr). Once he does that, the muslims are not liable to obey him and he must be removed. In another hadeeth the Prophet(saw) said:
"Banu Israil were governed by Prophets, whenever a prophet passes away another prophet would follow.There will be no prophet after me; there would rather be Khulfa, and they will be many.They (sahbah) said.What would you then order us?.He said,Fulfill the bayaih to them, one after the other".[ Al-Bukhari]
What the prophet(saw) was referring to when he termed the caliphate as malukiet, was that there would be some harsh ameers and that the caliphate would go in to families, but he never said that it would not be caliphate.Rather in numerous hadeeth, ( 2 are mentioned above) the prophet(saw) referred to them as caliphates and those ameers and imams as lawful muslim caliphs.
Now the question arises, if this is the case, then was yazeed justified in his horrendous crimes? I mean doent he come under the category of rulers with satan's hearts?
The answer is no. For two reasons.
First of all yazeed was not the ruler. A ruler is Islam is one who gets the bayaih, once her gets the bayaih, only then he becomes the ruler. And the bayaih cannot be taken by force, the Ummah has to give it herself. So when mauwiyah died, yazeed could not get the bayaih. In order for him to get the bayaih, he should have got the bayaih from the four abdullahs, ibne abubakr and al-hussein ibn abi talib. All of them refused to give him the bayaih. So from the shari point of view, yazeed was not a ruler or the caliph, rahter he was usurper of authority. The sharii hukm for the usurper of authority is that he is fought by force. This is what we witnessed. The people of Makkah, Madina and Al-Hussein fought yazeed by sword.
Here it should be clear that when caliph used to die, and when his son acceeded to the caliphate, the son used to take bayaih from the people. there is not a single exception to this case. The people would give the bayaih to the caliph. The wrong thing was, that there were no other contestors for the caliphate, but even then the caliph was not considered as one unless he took bayaih.
As for the four imams, issuing fatwa against the caliphs, it is the duty of the Ummah to account the ruler and make sure that he rules by islam. IF he implements kufr then he should be removed and must be fought against. So the imams issuing the fatwas doesnot mean that the state was not caliphate, rather it bears witness that the Ummah was well aware of her duties and she wont allow unislamic laws to be implemented.
Lastly, why is it that our reference point is the few years of turmoil, of the caliphate? Why dont we make the caliphate of the fist four caliphs as the reference point? or the islamic state which the prophet(saw) himself set up.
And we also have the prophet(saw) saying that when the caliphate would be reestablished it would be on the method of the Prophet(saw). A long hadeeth reported in Musnad of Imama Ahmad is:
" Some people will come on the day of jugement and their iman will be outstanding, its light will shine from their chest and from their right hands. So it will be said to them glad tidings for you today. Assalamoalikum and goodness for you. Enter in to it,Jannah,forever. So the angels and the Prophets will be jealous of the love of Allah for them. So the sahabah asked" Who are they, O Messenger of Allah? He(saw) replied, they are not from us and they are not from you. You are my companions but they are my beloved.they will come after you and will find the book(Quran) made redundant bu the people, and the Sunnah which has been killed by them, so they will grab hold of the book and the Sunnah and revive them.So they will read them and teach them(the Quran and the Sunnah) to the people and they will experience in that path a punishment more sever and more ugly than what you (O sahabha) have experienced. Indeed the Iman of one of them is equivalent to the iman of fourty of you. The shaheed of one of them, is equivalent to fourty of your shuhadah because you found a helper towards the truth( the Prophet (SAW)) and they will find no helper towards the truth. So they will be surrounded by, tyrannical rulers in every place. And they will be in the surroundings of Bait ul Maqdas( Al-Quds).The Nusrah ( victorious material support) of Allah will come to them and they will have the honor of it on their hands. Then he(saw) said: O Allah give them Nusrah and make them my close friends in Jannah".
So when we talk about the caliphate, we talk about the caliphate as presented and predicted by the Prophet Muhammad(saw).
Last of all, implementing Allah's hukm is fard on us. According to Imam abu hanifah, 70 % of the fardh cannot be fulfilled by muslims without the caliphate.